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The article analyzes the peacekeeping operations directed by the UN, describing its features & the international scenario in which such operations take place. The author classifies them & identifies two generations of these operations, each with their own peculiarities according to the context in which conflicts developed. The study refers to the way the application of these operations has changed, & the difference between these & the other operations directed by the same international organization. The paper assesses the results, costs, & effectiveness of some of these operations; identifies the actors who intervene in their materialization & the countries that most commonly participate in them by offering either funds or human resources; & stresses the role played by Latin America (specifically Argentina & Brazil). Finally, the author points out that in the case of developing countries, the effectiveness of peacekeeping operations is constantly questioned; therefore, preventive actions, rather than reactive ones, are most likely to be implemented in the face of emerging conflicts. 7 Tables, 2 Graphs. Adapted from the source document.

Examines UN peacekeeping operations since their inception in 1948 by looking at recent trends, costs, length, breakdown by region, main actors, successes, and failures; some focus on participation of Latin American countries, especially Argentina and Brazil. Summary in English.

Discusses challenges in teaching international relations in colleges and universities; some focus on course programs, professor-student relationships, and the dominant vision of international relations in Mexico; recommendations. Summary in English.

This article refers to some challenges faced by the academic body in teaching international relations with regard to course programs, teacher-student relationships (viewed from different pedagogical strategies), & the dominant vision of international relations in Mexico, increasingly involved in globalization. Further, the paper points out the limitations & the rich advantages in teaching this discipline, emphasizing the challenge it constitutes, considering the perspective for its professional exercise. The author insists on new abilities, an interdisciplinary approach, & the need to break up localism, thus promoting multiculturalism & diversity. Adapted from the source document.